Sangano reInternational Energy Agency rakati nyika yakatarisana ne "dambudziko resimba repasi rose" rekutanga nekuda kwekupinda kweRussia muUkraine uye nekuzotemerwa zvirambidzo pakupihwa gasi reRussia.Heano maitiro ayo UK, Germany, France neUS vakaita padambudziko.
Muna 2008, UK yakava nyika yekutanga yeG7 kusaina kuzvipira kwayo kuita zero greenhouse gas emissions panosvika 2050. Ipo iyo UK iri kuramba ichitsvaga shanduko yemutemo kukurudzira iyo real estate sector kuderedza kabhoni, kubuda kwesimba rekuchengetedza simba. dambudziko muna 2022 rakaratidza kuti shanduko idzi dzinoda kukurumidzirwa.
Kupindura kukwira kwemitengo yemagetsi, hurumende yeUK yakapasisa iyo Energy Prices Act 2022 muna Gumiguru 2022, iyo ine chinangwa chekupa simba remagetsi kudzimba nemabhizinesi uye kuvadzivirira kubva mukusagadzikana kwekukwira kwemitengo yegasi.Sangano reEnergy Bill Assistance Scheme, iro rinopa mabhizinesi kuderedzwa pamitengo yemagetsi kwemwedzi mitanhatu, richatsiviwa neEnergy Bill Rebate Scheme yemabhizinesi, masangano anobatsira nemasangano ehurumende yakatanga muna Kubvumbi gore rino.
MuUK, isu tiri kuonawo kusundidzira chaiko kune yakaderera-kabhoni magetsi kugadzirwa kubva kune anovandudza uye simba renyukireya.
Hurumende yeUK yakavimbisa kudzikisa kutsamira kweUK pamafuta efossil nechinangwa chekubvisa dhibhoni yemagetsi eUK panosvika 2035. Muna Ndira gore rino, zvirendi zvakasainwa zvepurojekiti yemhepo yekumhiri kwemakungwa iyo inogona kupa kusvika ku8 GW yesimba remhepo rekunze. - inokwana kugonesa dzimba dzinosvika mamirioni manomwe muUK.
Kutungamira renewables kuri pachirongwa sezvo paine zviratidzo zvekuti mabhailer matsva anopisa gasi mudzimba anogona kupedzwa uye miedzo iri kuitika yekushandisa hydrogen seimwe simba sosi.
Pamusoro penzira yekupihwa kwesimba munzvimbo dzakavakwa, kuedza kuri kuitwa kuvandudza kushanda kwesimba kwezvivakwa, uye gore rino pachava neshanduko kune Minimum Energy Efficiency Standards.Gore rakapera takaonawo wongororo yaidiwa zvikuru yekuti kabhoni inoyerwa sei mukuvaka zvitupa zvesimba ratidzo kuti tizvidavirire pamusoro pekuwedzera kwemupiro wezvinovandudzwa mukugadzirwa kwemagetsi (kunyangwe kushandisa gasi muzvivakwa zvino kungareva kuderera ratings).
Panewo mazano ekuchinja nzira yekutariswa kwemagetsi muzvivako zvakakura zvekutengeserana (zvichimirira mhedzisiro yekubvunzana kwehurumende pane izvi) uye kugadzirisa macode ekuvaka egore rapfuura kuti abvumire mamwe machaji emotokari emagetsi kuiswa mukusimudzira.Idzi ndidzo dzimwe dzeshanduko dziri kuitika, asi dzinoratidza kuti budiriro iri kuitwa munzvimbo dzakafara.
Dambudziko remagetsi riri kuisa pachena mabhizinesi, uye pamusoro pekuchinja kwemutemo kwambotaurwa, mamwe mabhizinesi akafungawo kuderedza maawa ekushanda kuti aderedze mashandisiro emagetsi.Isu tinoonawo mabhizinesi achitora matanho anoshanda, sekudzikisa tembiricha kuti aderedze mitengo yekudziya uye kutsvaga nzvimbo dzinoita simba zvakanyanya kana uchifunga nezvekutama.
MunaGunyana 2022, Hurumende yeUK yakatumira ongororo yakazvimirira inonzi "Mission Zero" kuti itarise kuti iyo UK ingaite sei zvirinani kuzadzisa zvisungo zvayo zvekutarisana nedambudziko resimba repasi rose.
Ongororo iyi ine chinangwa chekuona zvinosvikika, zvinoshanda uye zvine hushamwari zvibodzwa zveUK's Net Zero zano uye inoratidza kuti nzira yekumberi yakajeka.Zero yakachena inotaridza zvakajeka mitemo uye sarudzo dzezvematongerwo enyika pauriri hwechitoro.
Mumakore achangopfuura, indasitiri yezvivakwa yeGerman yakatarisana nematambudziko akakura kune rimwe divi nekuda kwematanho eCovid-19 uye kune rimwe divi nekuda kwedambudziko resimba.
Nepo indasitiri iyi yaita nhanho mukushanda kwesimba mumakore achangopfuura kuburikidza nekuvandudzwa kwemazuva ano uye kudyara mune tekinoroji yekuvaka yakasvibira, rutsigiro rwehurumende rwakaitawo basa rakakosha mukugadzirisa dambudziko.
Chekutanga, hurumende yeGerman yatora nhanho nhatu dzenjodzi yekupihwa gasi rechisikigo.Izvi zvinoratidza kuti chengetedzo yekugovera inogona kuchengetedzwa kusvika papi pamatanho akasiyana akakosha.Hurumende ine kodzero yekupindira kuti ive nechokwadi chekupihwa kwegasi kune vamwe vatengi vakachengetedzwa vakaita sezvipatara, mapurisa kana vatengi vemumba.
Chechipiri, maererano nemagetsi, mukana wezvinonzi "madzimai" ari kukurukurwa.Panyaya yemamiriro ezvinhu anofanotaurwa mumambure, kana simba rakawanda rinopedzwa kupfuura kugadzirwa, TSOs inotanga kushandisa matura emagetsi aripo.Kana izvi zvisina kukwana, kuvharwa kwenguva pfupi uye kwakafanorongwa kuchatariswa mumatambudziko akanyanya.
Kuchenjerera kunotsanangurwa pamusoro apa kunopa matambudziko ari pachena kune indasitiri yezvivakwa.Zvisinei, kunewo zvirongwa zvakaratidza migumisiro inoyerwa, zvichiita kuti kuchengetwe kweanopfuura 10% mumagetsi uye anopfuura 30% mugasi chaiwo.
Mitemo yehurumende yeGermany pamusoro pekuchengetedza simba inoisa hwaro hwaro hweizvi.Pasi pemitemo iyi, varidzi vedzimba vanofanirwa kukwidziridza gasi kudziyisa masisitimu muzvivakwa zvavo uye kuita ongororo yekupisa.Pamusoro pezvo, vese varidzi vemba nevaroja vanofanirwa kudzikisa mashandiro ekunze ekushambadzira masisitimu nemidziyo yekuvhenekesa, kuve nechokwadi chekuti nzvimbo yehofisi inovhenekerwa chete panguva yekushanda, uye kuderedza tembiricha yezvivakwa kune izvo zvinotenderwa nemutemo.
Mukuwedzera, zvinorambidzwa kuchengeta mikova yezvitoro yakazaruka nguva dzose kuitira kuderedza kupinda kwekunze kwemhepo.Zvitoro zvakawanda zvakadzikisa nekuzvidira maawa ekuvhura kuti atevedzere mitemo.
Pamusoro pezvo, hurumende ine chinangwa chekugadzirisa dambudziko iri nekudzikisa mitengo kutanga mwedzi uno.Izvi zvinoderedza mitengo yegesi nemagetsi kune imwe mari yakatarwa.Zvisinei, kuchengetedza kukurudzira kwekushandisa simba shoma, vatengi vachabhadhara mitengo yakakwirira kutanga, uye chete ipapo ivo vanozopiwa rubatsiro.Pamusoro pezvo, magwenya emagetsi enyukireya aifanirwa kuvharwa ave kuramba achishanda kusvika muna Kubvumbi 2023, zvichibva zvawana magetsi.
Mumatambudziko emagetsi aripo, France yakatarisana nekudzidzisa mabhizinesi nedzimba nezve nzira yekudzikisa magetsi uye gasi kushandiswa.Hurumende yeFrance yakaraira nyika kuti inyatso chenjerera kuti sei uye riini painoshandisa simba kudzivirira kudzimwa kwegasi kana magetsi.
Panzvimbo yekuisa miganho chaiyo uye inosungirwa pakushandiswa kwesimba nemabhizinesi nedzimba, hurumende iri kuedza kuvabatsira kushandisa simba nehungwaru uye nemutengo wakaderera, uku ichideredza mari yemagetsi.
Hurumende yeFrance inopawo rubatsiro rwemari, kunyanya kumakambani madiki, ayo anowedzerawo kumakambani ane simba guru rekushandisa.
Rumwe rubatsiro rwakapihwa kudzimba dzeFrance kubatsira vanhu kubhadhara mabhiri emagetsi - chero mhuri iri pakati peimwe mari inotambira inogashira rubatsiro urwu.Somuenzaniso, betsero yokuwedzera yakapiwa kune avo vaida motokari yebasa.
Pakazara, hurumende yeFrance haina kutora chinzvimbo chakasimba chakasimba padambudziko remagetsi, sezvo mitemo yakasiyana-siyana yakapasiswa kuvandudza kushanda kwesimba rezvivakwa.Izvi zvinosanganisira kurambidzwa kwekugara kwezvivakwa mune ramangwana nevanoroja kana vasina kuzadzisa imwe chiyero chesimba.
Dambudziko remagetsi harisi dambudziko rehurumende yeFrance chete, asiwo kumakambani, kunyanya kupiwa kukosha kwezvinangwa zveESG zvavanozvigadzirira.MuFrance, makambani ari kuyedza kutsvaga nzira dzekuwedzera simba rekushandisa (uye kuita purofiti), asi ivo vachiri kuda kuderedza mashandisiro emagetsi kunyangwe zvisiri izvo zvinodhura kwavari.
Izvi zvinosanganisira makambani ari kuyedza kutsvaga nzira dzekudzosera kupisa kwemarara, kana data center operators kutonhodza maseva kudzikisa tembiricha mushure mekunge vaona kuti vanogona kushanda nemazvo pakudziya kwakadzikira.Isu tinotarisira shanduko idzi kuti dzirambe dzichiitika nekukurumidza, kunyanya kupihwa mutengo wesimba wakakwira uye kukosha kuri kukura kweESG.
IUS iri kugadzirisa dambudziko rayo remagetsi nekupa zororo remutero kune varidzi vezvivakwa kuti vaise uye vagadzire simba rinogoneka.Mutengo wakanyanya kukosha panyaya iyi ndewe Inflation Reduction Act, iyo, kana yapasiswa muna 2022, ichave mari huru kwazvo yakamboitwa neUnited States mukurwisa kushanduka kwemamiriro ekunze.IUS inofungidzira kuti IRA ichapa mabhiriyoni mazana matatu nemakumi manomwe emadhora (£306 bhiriyoni) mukukurudzira.
Zvinonyanya kukosha zvinokurudzira varidzi vezvivakwa ndezvi (i) mutero wekudyara kiredhiti uye (ii) kiredhiti yemutero wekugadzira, zvese zvinoshanda kune zvekutengesa uye zvekugara.
ITC inokurudzira kudyara muzvivakwa, solar, mhepo uye mamwe marudzi esimba rinowanikwazve kuburikidza nechikwereti chenguva imwechete chinopihwa kana mapurojekiti ane hukama atanga kurarama.Iyo ITC base kiredhiti yakaenzana ne6% yehwaro hwevateresi munzvimbo inokodzera, asi inogona kuwedzera kusvika 30% kana mamwe mabhindauko ekudzidzira basa uye mibairo yemuhoro iripo mukuvaka, kugadziridza kana kuvandudza chirongwa.Kusiyana neizvi, PTC chikwereti chemakore gumi chekugadzirwa kwemagetsi patsva panzvimbo dzakakodzera.
PTC's base credit yakaenzana ne kWh yakagadzirwa uye kutengeswa yakapetwa nechikamu che $0.03 (£0.02) yakagadziriswa inflation.PTC inogona kuwanzwa ne5 kana izvo zviri pamusoro apa zvinodiwa pakudzidzira basa uye zvinodiwa muhoro zviripo zvikazadzikiswa.
Izvi zvinokurudzira zvinogona kuwedzererwa nekuwedzera 10% mutero wechikwereti munzvimbo dzakambobatanidzwa nenzvimbo dzisingadzokerikezve kugadzirwa kwesimba, senge minda yekare, nzvimbo dzinoshandisa kana kugamuchira mutero wakakura wemari kubva kusimba risingadzokerike simba, uye kwakavharwa migodhi yemarasha.Zvimwe zvikwereti zve“mubairo” zvinogona kuiswa mupurojekiti, sechikwereti chegumi muzana cheITC chezvirongwa zvemhepo nesolar zviri munharaunda dzinotambira mari shoma kana nyika dzemadzinza.
Munzvimbo dzekugara, maIRA anotarisawo pakuita kwesimba kudzikisa kudiwa kwesimba.Semuenzaniso, vanogadzira dzimba vanogona kuwana chikwereti chemadhora zviuru zviviri nemazana mashanu kusvika kumadhora mashanu emadhora pachikamu chimwe nechimwe chinotengeswa kana kurenda.
Kubva kumapurojekiti emaindasitiri kuenda kunzvimbo dzekutengesa uye zvivakwa zvekugara, IRA inokurudzira kuvandudzwa kwesimba idzva remagetsi uye kudzikiswa kwekushandiswa kwesimba kuburikidza nekushandiswa kwemutero incentives.
Sezvatinoona nyika dzepasi rese dzichiita mutemo unoramba uchiomesera uye kuyedza kudzikamisa kushandiswa kwesimba uye kucheka kuburitsa kabhoni nenzira dzakasiyana siyana, dambudziko remagetsi riripo rakaratidza kukosha kwezviyero izvi.Ino ndiyo nguva yakakosha yekuti indasitiri yezvivakwa ienderere mberi nekuedza kwayo uye kuratidza hutungamiriri munyaya iyi.
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Nguva yekutumira: Mar-23-2023